Altabax (Glaxo)
Altabax (Glaxo) - General Information
Altabax (Glaxo) is a topical antibiotic developed by GlaxoSmithKline. It was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in April 2007 for the treatment of bacterial skin infections such as impetigo. It is marketed as an ointment under the name brand Altabax. It works by inhibiting the bacterial 50S ribosomal unit by binding to the 23S RNA. This prevents peptide synthesis.
Pharmacology of Altabax (Glaxo)
Altabax (Glaxo) is a bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor belonging to a class of compounds called pleuromutilins. These compounds act by inhibiting the initiation of protein synthesis at the level of bacterial 50S ribosome.
Altabax (Glaxo) for patients
Patient Counseling Information
Patients using ALTABAX and/or their guardians should receive the following information and instructions: Use ALTABAX as directed by the healthcare practitioner. As with any topical medication, patients and caregivers should wash their hands after application if the hands are not the area for treatment.
ALTABAX is for external use only. Do not swallow ALTABAX or use it in the eyes, on the mouth or lips, inside the nose, or inside the female genital area.
The treated area may be covered by a sterile bandage or gauze dressing, if desired. This may also be helpful for infants and young children who accidentally touch or lick the lesion site. A bandage will protect the treated area and avoid accidental transfer of ointment to the eyes or other areas.
Use the medication for the full time recommended by the healthcare practitioner, even though symptoms may have improved.
Notify the healthcare practitioner if there is no improvement in symptoms within 3 to 4 days after starting use of ALTABAX.
ALTABAX may cause reactions at the site of application of the ointment. Inform the healthcare practitioner if the area of application worsens in irritation, redness, itching, burning, swelling, blistering, or oozing.
Altabax (Glaxo) Interactions
Co-administration of oral ketoconazole 200 mg twice daily increased retapamulin geometric mean AUC(0-24) and Cmax by 81% after topical application of retapamulin ointment, 1% on the abraded skin of healthy adult males. Due to low systemic exposure to retapamulin following topical application in patients, dosage adjustments for retapamulin are unnecessary when co-administered with CYP3A4 inhibitors, such as ketoconazole. Based on in vitro P450 inhibition studies and the low systemic exposure observed following topical application of ALTABAX, retapamulin is unlikely to affect the metabolism of other P450 substrates.
The effect of concurrent application of ALTABAX and other topical products to the same area of skin has not been studied.
Altabax (Glaxo) Contraindications
None.
Additional information about Altabax (Glaxo)
Altabax (Glaxo) Indication: For use in adults and pediatric patients aged 9 months and older for the topical treatment of impetigo (up to 100 cm2 in total area in adults or 2% total body surface area in pediatric patients aged 9 months or older) due to Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible isolates only) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
Mechanism Of Action: Altabax (Glaxo) is a bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor belonging to a class of compounds called pleuromutilins. These compounds act by inhibiting the initiation of protein synthesis at the level of bacterial 50S ribosome. This binding site involves ribosomal protein L3 and is in the region of the ribosomal P site and peptidyl transferase center. By virtue of binding to this site, pleuromutilins inhibit peptidyl transfer, block P-site interactions, and prevent the normal formation of active 50S ribosomal subunits.
Drug Interactions: Not Available
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: Retapamulin
Synonyms: Not Available
Drug Category: Antibacterial Agents
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Retapamulin: Altabax (Glaxo);
Absorption: Not Available
Toxicity (Overdose): Not Available
Protein Binding: Retapamulin is approximately 94% bound to human plasma proteins, and the protein binding is independent of concentration.
Biotransformation: In vitro studies with human liver microsomes demonstrated that retapamulin is extensively metabolized to numerous metabolites, of which the predominant routes of metabolism were mono-oxygenation and N-demethylation. The major enzyme responsible for metabolism of retapamulin in human liver microsomes was cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Half Life: Not Available
Dosage Forms of Altabax (Glaxo): Ointment Topical
Chemical IUPAC Name: Not Available
Chemical Formula: C30H47NO4S
Retapamulin on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retapamulin
Organisms Affected: Bacteria
